Bleeding gums are one of the most common signs that something isn’t quite right with your oral health. While a little blood on your toothbrush or dental floss might not seem like a big deal, it’s often an early warning sign of gum disease or other underlying health issues. Understanding the causes of bleeding gums can help you take the right steps toward prevention and treatment.
Poor Oral Hygiene and Plaque Buildup
The most frequent cause of bleeding gums is plaque accumulation along the gumline. Plaque is a sticky film of bacteria that forms on your teeth after eating or drinking. If not removed through regular brushing and flossing, it hardens into tartar, which irritates and inflames the gum tissue. This inflammation is known as gingivitis—the earliest stage of gum disease.
When gums become inflamed, they turn red, swell, and may bleed easily during brushing or flossing. The good news is that gingivitis is reversible with improved oral hygiene. Regular brushing, flossing, and professional dental cleanings can remove plaque and tartar, allowing your gums to heal.
Gum Disease (Periodontitis)
If gingivitis is left untreated, it can progress into periodontitis, a more advanced and serious form of gum disease. In this stage, bacteria spread below the gumline, damaging the connective tissue and bone that support the teeth. The gums may recede, pockets form between the teeth and gums, and bleeding becomes more frequent and severe. Periodontitis not only threatens your dental health but has also been linked to broader health issues such as heart disease, diabetes, and respiratory problems. Treating gum disease early with professional care and maintaining consistent oral hygiene practices could prevent long-term complications.
Brushing or Flossing Too Hard
Sometimes, bleeding gums aren’t caused by disease but by technique. Using a toothbrush with hard bristles or brushing too aggressively can injure delicate gum tissue. The same goes for flossing with too much force or using improper technique. To prevent irritation, use a soft-bristled toothbrush and gentle, circular motions when brushing. When flossing, guide the floss carefully between your teeth and curve it around each tooth rather than snapping it against your gums. These small adjustments can make a big difference in reducing gum trauma and bleeding.
Vitamin Deficiencies
Your diet plays a vital role in gum health. Deficiencies in certain vitamins, particularly vitamin C and vitamin K, can contribute to bleeding gums. Vitamin C supports the body’s ability to repair tissues and maintain healthy gums, while vitamin K helps with proper blood clotting. People who lack these nutrients, whether due to poor diet, certain medical conditions, or restrictive eating habits, may notice their gums bleeding more easily. Eating a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and leafy greens can help maintain strong and resilient gum tissue.
Hormonal Changes
Hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy, menstruation, or menopause can make gums more sensitive and prone to bleeding. This condition, sometimes called “pregnancy gingivitis,” is caused by an increased blood flow to the gums and heightened response to plaque. Maintaining excellent oral hygiene and visiting your dentist regularly during these hormonal shifts can help manage symptoms. Pregnant individuals should also mention any gum concerns to their healthcare provider, as oral health can affect overall well-being during pregnancy.
Medical Conditions and Medications
Certain health conditions, such as diabetes, blood disorders, or immune system deficiencies, can increase the likelihood of gum bleeding. Diabetes, for example, can make it harder for your body to fight off infections, making gum disease more likely. Additionally, some medications, such as blood thinners, antidepressants, or antihypertensive drugs, can contribute to gum bleeding by affecting how blood clots or how the gums respond to bacteria. If you suspect your medication is causing gum issues, consult your doctor or dentist before making any changes.
Treatment for Bleeding Gums in Asheville, NC
At Red Maple Dental, your oral health is our top priority. If you experience bleeding gums, don’t hesitate to reach out. The sooner you seek treatment, the more likely you are to prevent further damage and tooth loss. Contact our office today to schedule your consultation and learn more about how to keep your gums and smile healthy.